Hyderabad : Smart Phones( computer ya Laptop ) aur internet ke baghair aaj zindagi ka tasawwur bhi mahaal dikhayi deta hai lekin aaj saari duniya ney internet ki 50 win saalgirah manali hai yani internet ke wujood mein aaye 50 baras hogaye hain aur har guzarte saal ke sath is technology ney taraqqi ki kayi ek Manazil tey ki hai balkay hamari youmiya zindagi ko aasaan se aasaan tareen bananay mein koi kasar nahi chodhi.
Internet ki aijad aur irtiqai marahil kaafi dilchasp tareekh rakhtay hain aur” cyber urdu blog “ mein unhi tareekh ke chand ahem nakaat internet ki 50 saalgirah ke mauqa par urdu qaryin ki khidmat mein pesh hai.
Internet ki ijad aur ireqa bhi apne daman mein ek taweel aur dilchasp tareekh rakhti hai. internet ki ijaad aur aur irteqa may 1960 ka daha kaafi ahmiyat ka haamil hai kyunkay isi daur mein soviet union aur America ke darmiyan duniya ke number ek super power ban’nay ki rassa kashi aur daudh zoroan par thi.
Mazkoorah mumalik technologies mein taraqqi ke zareya ek dosray par Sabqat lejana chahtay they. 1955 may America ke is waqt ke saddar DD esen hour ney elaan kiya ke unka mulk satellite ko khala may daghnay ki khwahish rakhta hai lekin 4 october 1957 ko soviet union ney duniya ka pehla satellite ko daghte hue America aur soviet union ke darmiyan chal rahi sard jung mein ek intahi ahem baazi marli thi.
Soviet union ki is ahem kamyabi ko America ne khud ke liye ek bada challenge tasawwur karte hue nah sirf apne hareef ka challenge qubool kiya balkay shobay difaa mein advance reserch projects agency ( advanced research projects agency ) ko qaiam kiya jo ke ARPA ke naam se maqboliat haasil karne lagi. America ki janib se ARPA ke qiyam ka bunyadi maqsad shobay difaa mein nai Technologies ko istemaal karte hue nah sirf khud ko taaqat tha balkay Soviet union se chal rahi sard jung mein Sabqat bhi haasil karna tha. Ibteda ARPA ki tamam tar tavajja khalayi tehqiqaat aur is maidan mein ahem kamyabion, maiz oils aur nuclear masrofiyat ki raast nigahdasht par thi. un ahem tarjeehat ke sath jo zaeli tarjeeh thi yani kayi ahem umoor ki takmeel ke liye markazi daftar aur deegar maqamat par chal rahay projects khaimoun mein istemaal honay walay computers ke darmiyan raabtey ko yakheeni banana tha. shayad uss waqt computer science daan is haqeeqat se be khabar they ke ARPA ka zaeli maqsad aam insanoun ke liye had-e-darja sood mand saabit hoga.
Soviet Union ki janib se duniya ke pehlay satellite spetnic ko khala may rawana karne ke baad America ne mehsoos kiya ke woh apne kattar hareef se science aur technology ki daudh mein kahin peechay nah hojaye is liye is waqt ke Amrici sadar Esen hour ne 1958 may ARPA qaim kiya jis mein computers bhi istemaal kiye gaye. aam khayaal hai ke internet ek difai project tha jo darasal America ki janib se apne kattar hareef Soviet union ke khilaaf science aur technology ki daudh mein Sabqat ke husool ke liye shuru kiya gaya tha lekin is khayaal ke bar-aks internet ka wujood darasal ARPA ke qiyam aur computers ko ek dosray se marboot karne ke baad is technology ki ifadiyat hai, jisne internet ke phelao ki rahein asaan kardi.
1962 May Maschotes institute of technology ( mit ) ke joseph ne computer network ke nazriya ko manzar-e-aam par pesh karte hue is pehlay network mansoobay ko’ ‘ clortek network’ ‘ ka naam diya. joseph ke is nazriye ne usay ARPA mein ek ahem maqam dilwadya aur bohat jald woh ARPA ki is jamaat ka sadar muqarrar kardiya gaya jo ARPA ke computers par paighamaat ki husool wo tarseel ke nazriye ko amli jama pehnanay mein masroof thi. 1964 may Paul bran ne Amrici fazaiya ke liye bhi computers ke zariye paighamaat ke husool wo tarseel ke ek nazriye ko kaghaz per pesh kiya. neez America ke alawa Bartania ki National physical laboratory ne bhi computers ke paighamaat ke husool wo tarseel ka aisa hi nazriya pesh kiya. 1967 tak ARPA Riyanad karporasion aur Bartanwi national physical laboratory, teeno alehda tor par computers ko ek dosray se jodhte hue unke darmiyan paighamaat ke husool wo tarseel ko yakheeni bananay ke projects par apni salahiyaten aur tawa naiya sirf kar rahay they. alawa azeen ARPA ki mukhtalif jamaten America ki mukhtalif Universiteis mein masroof tehqiqaat theen aur unke darmiyan raabtey ko yakheeni banana waqt ki ahem zaroorat thi lehaza isi zaroorat ne ARPA ki ek nai shaakh qiyam ki jo ke’ ‘ ARPA Net kehlayi aur isi ARPA net ki kamyaab koshish ne na sirf internet ko yakheeni banaya balkay internet ki Sahulat ko awaami satah tak pohanchaya.
Aaj se 50 saal qabal yani 29 october 1969 ko internet ki ijad jin sayinsdanon aur jin
computers par yeh tajurbah kiya gaya tha iski ek nadir tasweer.
1969 may ARPA ka wujood amal mein aaya.
ARPA ke wujood mein anay ke baad chaar maqamat Los Angeles ki University of California , santa barbra ki University of California , outha ki University aur stanford research institute ke computers ko aapas mein jodhte hue duniya ka pehla computers network tayar kiya gaya. computers ko ek dosray se marboot karte hue unke darmiyan paighamaat ke husool wo tarseel ke nazariye ko amli jama pehnanay ke zimn mein 29 october 1969 ki shaam ko tareekhi ahmiyat haasil hai kyunkay yeh hi woh shaam thi jab computers ke darmiyan paegham ney ek maqam se dosray maqam tak barqi shakal mein agay badhatay hue cyber technology ka aaghaz kiya. ARPA net ke qiyam aur iske tehat science danon ki mutadid jamaaton ki koshishon ney bil akhir 29 october 1969 ko ek shandaar kamyabi haasil ki. 29 october 2009 ko jab saari duniya mein internet ki 40 saalgirah ki taqarib manayi jarahi theen to is mauqa par internet ke mo-jad charlie clean ney khud apne tajarbaat aur uss kamyabi ke mutaliq Media numaindon se izhaar-e-khayaal karte hue kaha ke’ ‘ mein uss waqt 21 baras ka tha aur ek programme ko leker din aur raat ke tamam ghantay uss mein masroof rehta’ ‘. ( hawala : express buzz, morkhah 29 october 20019 online edition ).
Clean ne mazkoorah jumlon ki mazeed wazahat karte hue kaha ke woh apne computer’ ‘ sads sigma7’ ‘ par ghanton nahi balkay din raat masroof rehtay aur yeh computer apartment ke ek bedroom ke masawi tha. internet ke wujood mein anay ki tafseelaat mein 29 october 1969 ki shaam 10 :30 ka waqt tareekhi ahmiyat ka haamil hai. University of California ke computer lab se Miflopark ke Stanford research institute mein mojood ek computer tak barqi shakal mein pegham rawana kiya gaya tha. duniya mein pehli martaba jab mazkoorah maqamat par rakhay gaye computers ke darmiyan paegham rawana karne ke liye jis technology ko istemaal kiya gaya aaj bhi usi technology ke tehat saari duniya mein mojood computers ke darmiyan paighamaat ke husool wo tarseel ka silsila jari hai.
Clean ki koshisho ne computers ko ek dosray se jodhte hue unke darmiyan paighamaat ki shakal mein mawaad ki husool wo tarseel ko yakheeni banaya lekin clean ki yeh koshishen sirf cyber technology ki simt badhta pehla kamyaab qadam tha agar hum yeh kahin ke clean ki koshisho ne cyber duniya ka baab ud dakhla kholtey hue science danon ko is duniya ka taaruf karwaya to beja nah hoga kyunkay ibtidayi marhalay mein computers ka istemaal aur inhen ek dosray se marboot karte hue unke darmiyan paighamaat ke husool wo tarseel ke darparda car farmaa anasir America ka difai shobay mein khud ko muktafi aur apne hareef par Sabqat banana tha.
ARPA net ke wujood mein anay aur computers ko ek dosray se marboot karte hue unke darmiyan mawaad ke husool wo tarseel ko paighamaat ke shakal mein yakheeni bananay ke baad guzarte waqt ke sath is maidan mein shandaar taraqqi hoti rahi. America ke shobay difaa ki janib se advance research project agency network’ ‘ ARPA net ‘ ke qiyam aur is shobay mein batadreej tehqiqaat aur kamyabion ne cyber technology ki rahein hamwar kardi. 1968 ke wast tak computers ko ek dosray se jodhte hue internet ka mukammal mansoobah tayyar karliya gaya tha jiske baad 12 mukhtalif companiyon ne apni apni boli bhi lagadi. 7 April 1969 ta 29 october 1969 tak ARPA net ke tehat kayi koshish aur tehqiqaat kiye gaye taham 29 october 1969 ki shab computers ko ek dosray se jodhte hue unke darmiyan paighamaat ke husool wo tarseel ko yakheeni banaya gaya. Los Angeles ki ARPA ki janib se’ ‘ computer se computer’ ‘ network ke zareya pehla paegham University of California ke programmer taalib-e-ilm charlie clean wo Raan ke ustaad professor levnard clean rock ke zareya unki janib se istemaal kardah computer SDS sigma7 se Stanford resaerch institute ke SDS 940 computer ko rawana kiya gaya.
Internet ka pehla pegham
ARPA net ki janib se 2 computers University of California ke computer SDS sigma7 aur Stanford research institute ke SDS 940 ke darmiyan rawana kardah pegham sirf ek lafz log in tha aur rukawat ke manzil maqsood tak pohanch gaye lekin iske baad computer crash hoga. baad azan ek ghantay ki musalsal koshish ke baad is paegham ko rawana karne mein science danon naay kamyabi haasil ki. ARPA net ka mustaqil network 21 November 1969 ko Los Angeles ki University of California ke computer’ ‘ IMP ‘ aur Stanford research institute ke computer’ ‘ IMP’ ke darmiyan raabtey ke zareya banaya gaya. mazkoorah network ke baad 5 december 1969 ko 4 maqamat ( 4 Nodes ) ko ek dosray se marboot kardiya gaya jiske baad hazaron network ko ek dosray se jodnay ki sahuliyaat manzar-e-aam par aayi.
1971 saal ko pehli martaba barqi pegham ( E-mails) ke mawaad ko dosray computer tak pohanchaya gaya. pehla barqi paegham kiya tha iske mutaliq ikhtilafat paye jatay hain lekin yeh haqeeqat Musalmah hai ke 1971 ko hi pehli martaba barqi shakal mein paegham ek computer se dosray computer tak E-mail ki shakal mein rawana kiya gaya tha. pehli martaba E-mail rawana karne ka aizaz America ke hi computer engineer Ray Tomlinson ko haasil hai. –YTN STAFF