Riyadh: Coronavirus ki wajah se Hajj 2020 mehdood kardiya gaya hai aur sirf Saudi Arab mein muqeem bairooni mumalik ke afraad ko fareeza Hajj ki Saadat se rokk diya gaya hai. Tareekh mein kayi martaba aisay halaat runuma huve jin ki bunyaad par bandgaan toheed ko Hajj ke mubarak safar se roka gaya tha.
Tareekh mein pehli martaba Hajj 629 eewsi 6 hejri ko pighmbrِ Islam Mohammad ﷺ ki qayadat mein ada kiya gaya tha. Is ke baad ye fareeza har saal ada hota raha. Agarchay musalman soch bhi nahi satke ke kisi saal Hajj nahi ho sakay ga. Lekin is ke bawajood tareekh mein taqreeban 40 mawaqay aisay hain jin mein Hajj ada nah ho saka aur kayi baar khaneh kaaba hajjion ke liye band raha.
Is ki kayi wajohaat theen jin mein Baet-Ul Allah par hamlay se le kar siyasi jhagde, Waba, Selaab, Chor aur dakuon ke Hajjion ke qaafley lootna aur mausam ki intahi lehar shaamil hain. San 865 mein Ismael Bin Yousuf ne, jinhen Al-Safaq ke naam se jana jata hai, Baghdad mein qaim Abbasi Saltanat ke khilaaf ilanِ jung kiya aur Mecca mein Arfat ke pahad par hamla kiya. Fooj ke is hamlay mein wahan mojood Hajj ke liye anay walay hazaroun zaireen halaak huve. Is hamlay ki wajah se is saal Hajj nah ho saka.
Qaramatah ka hamla se Hajj mutasir
Mazkoorah hamle ku Saudi shehar Mecca par sab se shadeed hamloun mein se ek jana jata hai. San 930 mein Qaramatah firqay ke sarbarah Abbu Taher Al Janabi ne Mecca par ek bharpoor hamla kiya jis douran itni lout maar aur qatal o ghaarat hui ke kayi saal tak Hajj nah ho saka.
Saudi Arab mein qaim Shah Abdalaziz Foundation for research and Organize mein chupnay wali ek report mein Islami tareekh daan aur ahadees ke maahir Al Zahbi ki kitaab Islam ki tareekh ke hawalay se bataya gaya hai ke 316 hejri ke waqeat ki wajah se kisi ney Qaramatah ke khauf ke baais is saal Hajj ada nahi kiya.
Qaramatah is waqt ki Islami riyasat ko nahi mante they aur isi terhan wo riyasat ke tehat manay jaane walay Islam ke bhi munharif they. Wo samajte they ke Hajj par ada kiye jaane walay faraiz Islam se pehlay ke hain aur is terhan wo buut shikni ke zamray mein atay hain.
Shah Abdalaziz foundation ki report mein kaha gaya hai ke Abbu Taher Khaneh kaaba ke darwazay par aath zeeal-haja ko talwar le kar khaday hogaye aur apne samnay apne jungjuon ke hathoun zaireen ka qatalِ aam kerwatay aur dekhte rahay.
Report ke mutabiq wo kehte rahay ke ibadat karne waloun ko khatam kar do, Kaaba ka ghilaaf phaad do aur Hajre Aswad ukhaad do. Is douran kaaba mein 30 hazaar Hajjion ka qatalِ aam huwa aur unhein baghair kisi janazay, Ghusal aur kafan ke dafna diya gaya. Morkhin ke mutabiq hamla awaroun ney logoun ko qatal karne ke baad kayi ek ki lashain zam zam ke kunvey mein bhi phinkin taakay is ke pani ko gandah kiya ja sakay.
Is ke baad wo Hajre Aswed ko ukhaad kar apne sath is waqt ke Saudi Arab ke mashriqi soobay Al-Behren le gaye jahan ye Abbu Taher ke paas is ke shehar Al-Hasa mein kayi saal raha. Bil akhir ek bhaari tawwan ke baad usay wapas khanah kaaba mein laya gaya.
Khelafatoun mein jhagde
Hajj sirf ladhayyon aur jangoo ki wajah se mansookh nahi huwa balkay ye kayi saal siyasat ki nazar bhi huwa. Saneh 983 eewsi mein Iraq ki Abbasi aur Misar ki Fatimy khelafatoun ke sarbarahan ke darmain siyasi kashmakash rahi aur musalmanoon ko is douran Hajj ke liye safar karne nah diya gaya. Is ke baad Hajj 991 mein ada kiya gaya.
Wabaon ki wajah se Hajj ki mansookhi
Shah Abdalaziz Foundation ki report ke mutabiq 357 hejri mein ek aur baday waqay ki wajah se loog Hajj nah kar sakay aur ye waqea darasal ek bemari tha. Report mein ibn-e khateer ki kitaab aaghaz aur ekhtataam ka hawala day kar likha gaya hai ke Al-Mashri nami bemari ki wajah se Mecca mein badi tadaad mein amwaat huven.
Bohat se zaireen rastay mein hi halaak hue aur jo loog Mecca puhanche bhi to wo Hajj ki tareekh ke baad hi wahan poanch sakay. Saal 1831 mein hindostan se shuru honay wali ek waba ne Mecca mein taqreeban 3 chothai zaireen ko halaak kar diya. Ye loog kayi mah ka khatarnaak safar kar ke Hajj ke liye Mecca aaye they.
Isi terhan 1837 se le kar 1858 mein do dahaiyo mein 3 martaba Hajj ko mansookh kiya gaya jis ki wajah se zaireen Mecca ki janib safar nah kar sakay. Sunah 1846 mein Mecca mein hize ki waba se taqreeban 15 hazaar afraad halaak huve. Ye waba Mecca mein 1850 tak phelti rahi lekin is ke baad bhi kabhi kabhar is se amwaat hoti rahen.
Aksar tehqeeq karoun ke mutabiq ye waba hindostan se zaireen ke zariye aayi thi jis ney nah sirf un ko balkay Mecca mein dosray mumalik se anay walay bohat se deegar zaireen ko bhi mutasir kiya tha.
Misri zaireen behrah Ahmar ke sahiloun ki taraf bhage jahan unhein qarantina mein rakha gaya. Ye waba baad mein New York tak phaily. Yahan ye baat bhi qabil e zikar hai ke saltanatِ Osmaniya ke daur mein hize ki waba ke khatmay ke liye qarantina par khasosan zor diya gaya tha. Saneh 390 hejri 1000 eewsi ke qareeb mein misar badhti hui mehengai aur Hajj ke safar ke akhrajaat mein be panah izafay ki wajah se loog Hajj par nah ja sakay aur isi terhan 430 hejri mein Iraq aur kharasa se le kar shaam aur misar ke loog Hajj par nah ja sakay.
Shah Abdalaziz Foundation ki report ke mutabiq 492 hejri mein Islami duniya mein aapas mein jangoo ki wajah se musalmanoon ko bohat nuqsaan huwa jis se fareeza Hajj mutasir huwa. 654 hejri se le kar 658 hejri tak Hijaz ke ilawa kisi aur mulk se haaji Mecca nahi puhanche. 1213 hejri mein francesi inqilab ke douran Hajj ke qafloun ko tahaffuz aur salamti ke baais rokkk diya gaya .
Sardi se Hajj nah ho saka
Saal 417 hejri ko Iraq mein shadeed sardi aur sailaaboun ki wajah se zaireen Mecca ka safar nah kar sakay. Is terhan shadeed sard mausam ki wajah se Hajj ko mansookh karna pada tha.
Qaswa par hamla
Saal 1344 hejri mein khanah kaaba ke ghilaaf, Qaswa ko Misar se Saudi Arab le kar jaane walay qaafley par hamla huwa jis ki wajah se Misar ka koi Haji bhi khanah kaaba nah ja saka. Ye eewsi ke hawalay se 1925 ka saal tha. Taham ye baat bhi qabil e zikar hai ke jab se Saudi Arab wujood mein aaya hai, Yani 1932 se le kar ab tak, Khanah kaaba mein Hajj kabhi nahi ruka.